Not only about computer network

Recently, I heard a term as cloud native.  So I started to research what it means to the network architecture.  It turned out in the LAN or data center, it means to build and run a scalable non-blocking switch fabric with cost effective merchant silicon switches. One key concept of building a non-blocking switch fabric is to build a Clos network with switches and inter-switch links. I heard about Clos network, but I never get the chance to look into it and to understand how it works.  In order to get that addressed, I spent sometime over the weekend to study the topic. What is a Clos network? According to Wikipedia , Clos network is a kind of multistage circuit-switching network which represents a theoretical idealization of practical, multistage switching systems. It was invented by Edson Erwin in 1938 and first formalized by Charles Clos in 1952. Without Clos network, the number of input lines (bars) and output lines (bars) simply limited the number of input and ou...

Background While I was troubleshooting a network access issue last night, I found an interesting issue caused by DNS64.  So I spent some time research what's the DNS64 feature is , why it's causing problem to me and how to fix it. The Issue During the troubleshooting, I noticed that some of the network connection between my computer and zhihu-web-analytics.zhihu.com failed.  More specifically, get timed out.  I suspected there might be some heavy packet loss along the network path, so I tried to use mtr to check if that's the case.                                     My traceroute  [v0.95] Bob-Desktop (2600:1700:5050:bcf:22d3:cd56:fda7:fe3a) -> zhihu-web-analyt2022-08-13T16:50:00-0700 Keys:  Help   Display mode   Restart statistics   Order of fields   quit                     ...